Summary about Disease
Articular cartilage injury refers to damage to the smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they meet to form a joint. This cartilage allows for nearly frictionless joint motion. Damage can range from minor surface irregularities to full-thickness defects exposing the underlying bone. This can lead to pain, stiffness, and reduced joint function.
Symptoms
Joint pain (may be worse with activity)
Swelling
Stiffness
Clicking, popping, or grinding sensations in the joint
Locking or catching of the joint
Decreased range of motion
Weakness or instability in the joint
Causes
Acute injury (e.g., sports injury, fall, direct blow)
Repetitive stress
Wear and tear (osteoarthritis)
Malalignment of joints
Obesity
Genetic predisposition
Medicine Used
Pain relievers: Over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen (Tylenol) and NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen) can help manage pain.
Corticosteroid injections: These injections can reduce inflammation and pain, but the effects are temporary.
Hyaluronic acid injections (Viscosupplementation): These injections lubricate the joint and reduce pain.
Chondroprotective agents: Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are supplements that may help protect cartilage, though evidence is mixed.
Opioids: Prescribed for severe pain but used cautiously due to the risk of dependence.
Is Communicable
No, articular cartilage injury is not communicable. It cannot be spread from person to person.
Precautions
Maintain a healthy weight
Use proper form during exercise and sports
Wear appropriate protective gear during sports
Avoid activities that put excessive stress on your joints
Strengthen the muscles around your joints
Consider low-impact exercises
See a doctor if you experience persistent joint pain or swelling
How long does an outbreak last?
Articular cartilage injury is not an outbreak. The symptoms and duration vary widely depending on the severity and cause of the injury, treatment received, and individual factors. It can be a chronic condition.
How is it diagnosed?
Physical exam: A doctor will assess the joint for pain, swelling, range of motion, and stability.
Imaging tests:
X-rays: Can show bone abnormalities and joint space narrowing.
MRI: Provides detailed images of cartilage and soft tissues.
Arthroscopy: A minimally invasive procedure where a small camera is inserted into the joint to visualize the cartilage.
Timeline of Symptoms
The timeline of symptoms can vary greatly:
Acute Injury: Sudden onset of pain and swelling immediately or shortly after the injury.
Gradual Onset (Wear and Tear): Pain and stiffness develop gradually over weeks, months, or years. Intermittent flare-ups may occur, with periods of worsening symptoms followed by periods of relative relief.
Progression: Without treatment or with ongoing stress, the condition can worsen over time, leading to chronic pain, stiffness, and decreased function.
Important Considerations
Early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes.
Treatment options depend on the size, location, and severity of the cartilage damage, as well as the patient's age and activity level.
Surgery may be necessary in some cases.
Physical therapy is often an important part of the treatment plan.
Even with treatment, some cartilage injuries may lead to long-term joint problems, such as osteoarthritis.