Summary about Disease
Heat rash, also known as prickly heat or miliaria, is a common skin condition characterized by small, itchy bumps. It develops when sweat ducts become blocked and sweat is trapped under the skin. It's most common in hot, humid weather.
Symptoms
Small, raised bumps or blisters
Itching
Prickling sensation
Redness
Inflammation
Causes
Blocked sweat ducts: Usually due to excessive sweating, immature sweat ducts (in infants), or certain types of clothing.
Hot, humid weather.
Physical activity.
Overdressing.
Prolonged bed rest with fever.
Certain medications that increase sweating.
Medicine Used
Calamine lotion: To relieve itching.
Anhydrous Lanolin: Helps prevent sweat duct blockage.
Topical corticosteroids (mild): To reduce inflammation (use with caution and as directed by a doctor).
Antihistamines: To relieve itching, especially if severe.
Antibiotic creams: Only if the rash becomes infected.
Is Communicable
No, heat rash is not contagious. It is a reaction to heat and blocked sweat ducts, not an infection.
Precautions
Wear loose-fitting, lightweight clothing.
Stay in cool, air-conditioned environments.
Avoid excessive physical activity during hot weather.
Keep skin clean and dry.
Use unscented, hypoallergenic soaps and lotions.
Avoid using greasy or oily products that can block pores.
Apply cool compresses to affected areas.
How long does an outbreak last?
Heat rash typically clears up within a few days to a week if the skin is kept cool and dry and further sweating is avoided. In severe cases, it may take longer.
How is it diagnosed?
Heat rash is usually diagnosed by visual examination of the skin. A doctor can typically identify it based on its appearance and the circumstances in which it developed (e.g., hot weather, excessive sweating). Further testing is rarely required.
Timeline of Symptoms
Initial exposure to heat/sweating: Increased sweating.
Within hours: Development of small bumps or blisters.
1-3 days: Itching and prickling sensation intensifies. Redness becomes more pronounced.
If kept cool and dry: Symptoms gradually subside over the next few days.
If sweating continues: Symptoms may persist or worsen, potentially leading to secondary infection.
Important Considerations
Infants and young children are more susceptible due to their immature sweat ducts.
Obese individuals are also at higher risk.
While typically harmless, secondary bacterial infection can occur if the rash is scratched excessively. Signs of infection include increased pain, swelling, pus, and fever. Consult a doctor if this occurs.
In rare cases, a more severe form of heat rash called miliaria profunda can develop, characterized by deeper, flesh-colored bumps.
Heat Stroke can have similar symptoms and is a far more serious medical condition requiring urgent treatment.