Summary about Disease
A hordeolum, commonly known as a stye, is a painful, red bump that forms near the edge of the eyelid. It is caused by a bacterial infection, usually Staphylococcus aureus, affecting oil glands or hair follicles in the eyelid. A hordeolum can be either external (on the outside of the eyelid) or internal (on the inside of the eyelid). While uncomfortable, hordeola are generally not serious and often resolve on their own.
Symptoms
Redness of the eyelid
Swelling of the eyelid
Pain or tenderness in the affected area
A visible bump on the eyelid
Crusting along the eyelid margin
Feeling like something is in your eye
Increased tearing
Sensitivity to light
Causes
Bacterial infection, most commonly Staphylococcus aureus.
Poor hygiene, such as touching the eyes with unwashed hands.
Using contaminated eye makeup or contact lenses.
Blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelids), which can increase the risk of hordeola.
Rosacea, a skin condition that can also affect the eyes.
Medicine Used
Over-the-counter antibiotic ointments: These may contain ingredients like bacitracin or erythromycin.
Prescription antibiotic ointments or drops: Your doctor may prescribe stronger antibiotics if the infection is severe or doesn't respond to over-the-counter treatments.
Oral antibiotics: Rarely, oral antibiotics are prescribed for severe or persistent hordeola.
Pain relievers: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help manage pain and inflammation.
Is Communicable
Hordeola themselves are generally not considered highly contagious. The bacteria that cause them are common, and it's more about individual susceptibility. However, it's best to avoid sharing towels, washcloths, or eye makeup to minimize the risk of spreading the bacteria.
Precautions
Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, especially before touching your eyes.
Avoid touching or rubbing your eyes.
Do not share towels, washcloths, or eye makeup with others.
Clean contact lenses properly and regularly.
Remove eye makeup before going to bed.
If you have blepharitis, manage it effectively with regular eyelid hygiene.
Apply warm compresses to the affected eyelid several times a day.
How long does an outbreak last?
A hordeolum typically lasts between 1 to 3 weeks. Symptoms usually start to improve within a few days of starting treatment (warm compresses, antibiotics). It often drains and heals on its own within this timeframe.
How is it diagnosed?
A hordeolum is usually diagnosed through a visual examination by a doctor or eye care professional. They will examine the eyelid and surrounding area to identify the characteristic red, swollen bump. Further tests are usually not necessary.
Timeline of Symptoms
Day 1-2: Mild redness, swelling, and discomfort near the eyelid margin.
Day 3-4: The bump becomes more prominent and painful.
Day 5-7: The hordeolum may come to a head, forming a small, yellowish pustule.
Day 7-14: The hordeolum typically ruptures and drains, leading to a decrease in pain and swelling.
Day 14-21: The area gradually heals, and the redness and swelling resolve completely.
Important Considerations
Do not try to squeeze or pop a hordeolum, as this can worsen the infection and lead to complications.
If the hordeolum is very large, painful, or does not improve with treatment, see a doctor or eye care professional.
If you experience changes in vision, severe pain, or fever, seek medical attention immediately.
Recurrent hordeola may indicate an underlying condition like blepharitis that needs to be addressed.
If you wear contact lenses, consider switching to glasses until the hordeolum has healed to avoid further irritation.