Summary about Disease
Idiopathic hirsutism refers to excessive hair growth in women in a male-like pattern (e.g., face, chest, back) where hair growth is usually minimal or absent. The term "idiopathic" signifies that the underlying cause of the hirsutism is unknown or not identifiable through standard medical testing. Hormone levels (androgens) are typically normal, and there are no other signs of underlying medical conditions. It is often thought to be related to increased sensitivity of hair follicles to normal levels of androgens.
Symptoms
The primary symptom is excessive hair growth in androgen-sensitive areas. This can manifest as:
Hair on the face (upper lip, chin, cheeks)
Hair on the chest
Hair on the back
Hair on the abdomen
Hair on the upper arms and thighs
Possible acne or oily skin
Causes
The cause of idiopathic hirsutism is, by definition, unknown. Potential contributing factors may include:
Increased sensitivity of hair follicles to normal androgen levels
Variations in the enzyme activity within hair follicles
Genetic predisposition or family history of hirsutism
Medicine Used
Treatment focuses on managing the symptoms. Medications may include:
Oral contraceptives: These can help regulate hormone levels and reduce androgen production.
Anti-androgens (e.g., spironolactone, finasteride): These medications block the effects of androgens on hair follicles.
Topical creams (e.g., eflornithine): This cream can slow hair growth on the face.
Is Communicable
No, idiopathic hirsutism is not communicable. It is not caused by an infection and cannot be spread from person to person.
Precautions
There are no specific precautions to prevent idiopathic hirsutism, as the cause is unknown. However, managing the symptoms can involve:
Maintaining a healthy weight, as obesity can sometimes exacerbate hirsutism.
Following medical advice regarding prescribed medications.
Considering hair removal methods like shaving, waxing, laser hair removal, or electrolysis.
How long does an outbreak last?
Idiopathic hirsutism is not an "outbreak" but rather a chronic condition. Without treatment, the excessive hair growth will persist. Treatment can manage the symptoms, but hirsutism may return if treatment is stopped.
How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves:
Physical examination: To assess the extent and pattern of hair growth.
Medical history: To rule out other potential causes of hirsutism (e.g., PCOS, adrenal disorders).
Blood tests: To measure hormone levels (testosterone, DHEAS, etc.). In idiopathic hirsutism, hormone levels are typically normal.
Ruling out other conditions: If hormone levels are elevated or other symptoms are present, further testing may be needed to identify the underlying cause.
Timeline of Symptoms
The onset of symptoms can vary. It often begins around puberty or early adulthood. The progression can be gradual or more rapid, depending on individual factors. The hair growth typically persists unless treated.
Important Considerations
It's crucial to rule out other potential causes of hirsutism before diagnosing it as idiopathic.
Treatment is focused on managing symptoms and is often long-term.
Women experiencing hirsutism may also experience psychological distress related to body image. Addressing these concerns through counseling or support groups can be beneficial.
Different hair removal methods have varying degrees of effectiveness and permanence; individuals should choose methods that best suit their needs and preferences.