Summary about Disease
An intradermal nevus is a common type of mole (nevus) that is located within the dermis, the deeper layer of the skin. It's a benign (non-cancerous) growth of melanocytes, the cells that produce melanin (skin pigment). These moles are typically raised, dome-shaped, and can range in color from skin-colored to brown.
Symptoms
Raised, dome-shaped mole.
Color: Usually skin-colored, tan, brown, or sometimes slightly pink.
Surface: Smooth or slightly warty.
May have hairs growing from it.
Usually small, ranging from a few millimeters to about a centimeter in diameter.
Typically asymptomatic (no pain or itching) but can occasionally be itchy.
Causes
Intradermal nevi are caused by a localized proliferation (growth) of melanocytes in the dermis. The exact cause of this proliferation is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to:
Genetics: A predisposition to developing moles can be inherited.
Sun exposure: Although not the primary cause, sun exposure can influence the development and appearance of moles.
Hormonal changes: Moles can appear or change during puberty or pregnancy.
Medicine Used
Intradermal nevi are benign and usually do not require medical treatment. However, if a mole is symptomatic (itchy, painful), cosmetically undesirable, or suspicious for malignancy, treatment options may include:
Surgical excision: Mole is cut out with scalpel and the area is stitched.
Shave excision: Mole is shaved off level with the skin.
Laser Removal: Laser used to vaporize mole tissues.
Cryotherapy: Freezing of the mole. No specific medications are used to treat or prevent intradermal nevi.
Is Communicable
No, intradermal nevi are not communicable. They are not contagious and cannot be spread from person to person.
Precautions
While intradermal nevi are typically benign, it's essential to practice the following precautions:
Sun protection: Use sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) on all exposed skin, including moles, to minimize sun damage and potential changes.
Regular self-exams: Monitor your moles regularly for any changes in size, shape, color, or symptoms (itching, bleeding).
Professional skin exams: See a dermatologist for a professional skin exam, especially if you have a large number of moles or a family history of melanoma.
ABCDEs of melanoma: Be aware of the ABCDEs of melanoma (Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter greater than 6mm, Evolving or changing) and seek medical attention if you notice any of these signs.
How long does an outbreak last?
Intradermal nevi are not an "outbreak." They are persistent growths that can last for many years or even a lifetime, if not removed. Individual moles generally don't "resolve" on their own.
How is it diagnosed?
Visual Examination: A dermatologist can often diagnose an intradermal nevus based on its appearance during a clinical examination.
Dermoscopy: A dermatoscope, a handheld magnifying device with a light source, can be used to examine the mole more closely and identify specific features.
Biopsy: If the mole is suspicious for malignancy, a biopsy (surgical removal of a sample of tissue) may be performed. The tissue is then examined under a microscope by a pathologist to determine if it is cancerous.
Timeline of Symptoms
Intradermal nevi typically develop gradually over time. The timeline of symptoms is as follows:
Appearance: A small, flat or slightly raised spot appears on the skin.
Growth: The mole may slowly enlarge and become more raised.
Stabilization: The mole usually stabilizes in size and appearance.
Possible changes: While generally stable, moles can sometimes change in color, size, or shape over time. Any sudden or significant changes should be evaluated by a dermatologist.
Important Considerations
Atypical Moles: If a mole appears unusual (atypical nevus), it should be evaluated by a dermatologist, even if it doesn't meet all the criteria for melanoma.
Family History: Individuals with a family history of melanoma should be particularly vigilant about monitoring their moles and seeking regular skin exams.
Cosmetic Removal: Even benign intradermal nevi can be removed for cosmetic reasons if desired.
New Moles: Be aware that new moles can appear throughout life, especially during childhood, adolescence, and pregnancy. It is important to monitor any new growth and seek medical evaluation when needed.