Summary about Disease
A jaw fracture, also known as a mandibular fracture, is a break in the lower jaw bone (mandible). It can occur due to trauma, such as a fall, assault, sports injury, or vehicle accident. The severity and location of the fracture can vary widely. Treatment often involves stabilizing the jaw to allow the bone to heal properly.
Symptoms
Pain in the jaw, especially when moving it
Difficulty opening or closing the mouth
Swelling and bruising in the jaw and face
Tenderness to touch along the jawline
Misalignment of the teeth (malocclusion)
Numbness or tingling in the lower lip or chin
Difficulty chewing or speaking
Bleeding from the mouth
Loose or broken teeth
Deformity of the jaw
Headache
Causes
Trauma (falls, assaults, car accidents, sports injuries)
Vehicle accidents
Sports injuries
Falls
Assaults
Underlying medical conditions that weaken the bone (rare)
Gunshot wounds
Medicine Used
Pain relievers (over-the-counter or prescription)
Antibiotics (to prevent infection, especially if there are open wounds)
Muscle relaxants (to reduce muscle spasms in the jaw)
In some cases, anti-inflammatory medications may be prescribed.
Is Communicable
No, a jaw fracture is not communicable. It is a result of physical trauma, not an infectious agent.
Precautions
Wear appropriate protective gear during sports and activities that could lead to facial injury.
Use seatbelts in vehicles.
Avoid situations where physical altercations are likely.
Address any underlying medical conditions that could weaken bones.
Follow all post-operative instructions carefully if surgery is required.
Maintain good oral hygiene to prevent infection.
How long does an outbreak last?
A jaw fracture is not an outbreak. It is an injury to an individual. Healing time can vary from 6-8 weeks or longer, depending on the severity of the fracture and the treatment required.
How is it diagnosed?
Physical examination: A doctor will assess the jaw for swelling, tenderness, and misalignment.
X-rays: These can reveal the location and severity of the fracture.
CT scan: A CT scan may be necessary for more complex fractures to provide a detailed view of the bone.
Dental examination: To assess any damage to the teeth.
Timeline of Symptoms
Immediately after injury: Pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the jaw are usually present right away.
First few days: Bruising and swelling will likely worsen. Pain may intensify.
First few weeks: Pain gradually decreases, but stiffness may persist.
Several weeks to months: Bone healing occurs. Physical therapy may be needed to restore full jaw function. Full recovery time depends on the severity of the fracture and treatment.
Important Considerations
Prompt medical attention is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Follow your doctor's instructions carefully, including taking medications as prescribed and attending follow-up appointments.
Maintain good oral hygiene to prevent infection.
A soft food diet may be necessary during the healing process.
Physical therapy may be recommended to restore full jaw function after the fracture has healed.
Surgery might be required to align the jaw.
Nerve damage can occur.