Summary about Disease
Keratosis pilaris (KP) is a common, harmless skin condition that causes small, hard bumps, usually on the upper arms, thighs, cheeks, or buttocks. These bumps are often skin-colored or reddish and may be accompanied by slight redness or inflammation. It's caused by a buildup of keratin, a protein that protects skin from infection and harmful substances. This buildup forms a plug that blocks the opening of hair follicles.
Symptoms
Small, skin-colored, white or reddish bumps.
Dry, rough skin in the affected areas.
Slight itching (in some cases).
Sandpaper-like texture to the skin.
Bumps may be more prominent in dry weather.
Causes
The exact cause of keratosis pilaris is unknown, but it's believed to be due to a buildup of keratin that blocks hair follicles. It's often associated with:
Genetic predisposition (often runs in families).
Dry skin.
Other skin conditions like eczema (atopic dermatitis).
Medicine Used
Keratosis pilaris cannot be cured but can be managed. Treatment focuses on improving the skin's appearance. Common treatments include:
Topical Exfoliants: Creams containing alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs), lactic acid, salicylic acid, or urea help to loosen and remove dead skin cells.
Topical Retinoids: Prescription creams containing vitamin A derivatives (like tretinoin) can help promote cell turnover and prevent plugged follicles.
Moisturizers: Emollients help to hydrate the skin and reduce dryness.
Topical Steroids: Mild topical steroids may be prescribed to reduce redness and inflammation.
Laser therapy: Can sometimes be used to reduce redness and improve the appearance of KP.
Is Communicable
No, keratosis pilaris is not communicable. It is not contagious and cannot be spread from person to person.
Precautions
Moisturize regularly: Use a thick, fragrance-free moisturizer after bathing.
Avoid harsh soaps: Use gentle, non-drying cleansers.
Exfoliate gently: Use a mild exfoliating scrub or washcloth to remove dead skin cells, but avoid over-scrubbing.
Humidify: Use a humidifier, especially in dry climates or during winter.
Avoid tight clothing: Tight clothing can irritate the skin.
Avoid scratching: Scratching can worsen the condition and lead to inflammation.
How long does an outbreak last?
Keratosis pilaris is a chronic condition, not an "outbreak." The bumps may come and go, and the severity can fluctuate with the seasons (often worse in winter). There's no defined "outbreak" length, but symptoms can be managed with ongoing treatment. Symptoms may improve with age.
How is it diagnosed?
Keratosis pilaris is usually diagnosed through a visual examination by a doctor or dermatologist. The characteristic bumps and sandpaper-like texture are typically sufficient for diagnosis. No specific lab tests are usually required.
Timeline of Symptoms
Keratosis pilaris often starts in childhood or adolescence.
Symptoms may be more noticeable during puberty.
The condition may improve with age, often subsiding in adulthood, although it can persist.
Symptoms tend to worsen in dry, cold weather and improve in humid environments.
Important Considerations
Realistic Expectations: There's no cure for KP, and treatment aims to manage symptoms and improve appearance.
Consistency: Regular and consistent use of prescribed or recommended treatments is crucial for achieving results.
Individual Variation: Treatment effectiveness can vary from person to person.
Consult a Dermatologist: If over-the-counter treatments are ineffective or if the condition is causing significant discomfort or cosmetic concerns, consult a dermatologist for personalized advice and treatment options.
Long-Term Management: KP is often a long-term condition, so establishing a consistent skincare routine is important.