Summary about Disease
Pilonidal disease is a chronic infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue near the natal cleft (the area between the buttocks). It's characterized by cysts or abscesses, often containing hair and skin debris. It's more common in young men and can be quite painful.
Symptoms
Pain and swelling near the tailbone
Drainage of pus or blood from an opening in the skin
Foul odor
Tenderness to the touch
Redness of the skin
A visible pit or sinus (small hole) in the skin
Causes
Ingrown hairs: Hair that penetrates the skin and becomes trapped.
Friction and pressure: Prolonged sitting or tight clothing.
Hormonal changes: May contribute to increased hair growth.
Obesity: Increased skin folds can trap debris.
Family History: Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to the condition.
Medicine Used
Antibiotics: To treat infection (oral or topical).
Pain relievers: Over-the-counter or prescription medication for pain management.
Local anesthetics: Used during procedures like drainage.
Is Communicable
No, pilonidal disease is not communicable. It's not caused by a virus or bacteria that can be spread to others.
Precautions
Maintain good hygiene: Keep the area clean and dry.
Avoid prolonged sitting: Take breaks to stand and move around.
Weight management: If overweight or obese, work towards a healthy weight.
Loose-fitting clothing: Wear loose-fitting clothes to reduce friction.
Hair removal: Shaving, waxing, or laser hair removal may help reduce hair entering the area.
How long does an outbreak last?
The duration of a pilonidal disease outbreak varies. Acute infections may resolve with antibiotics and drainage within a few weeks. Chronic cases may persist for months or years, with recurring flare-ups. Without treatment, the condition can worsen.
How is it diagnosed?
Physical Examination: A doctor will examine the area to identify pits, sinuses, drainage, and inflammation.
Medical History: The doctor will ask about symptoms and risk factors.
Imaging: In some cases, imaging tests like ultrasound or MRI may be used to assess the extent of the disease.
Timeline of Symptoms
The timeline of symptoms can vary:
Early Stage: May begin with a small, painless pit or sinus.
Progression: As hair and debris accumulate, inflammation and pain develop.
Acute Infection: Abscess formation, drainage, redness, and severe pain.
Chronic Stage: Recurring flare-ups with periods of remission.
Important Considerations
Early treatment is important to prevent complications.
Surgical options may be necessary for chronic or recurring cases.
Post-operative care is crucial for healing and preventing recurrence.
Consult a doctor for accurate diagnosis and treatment.