Summary about Disease
A sebaceous cyst is a common, slow-growing, noncancerous bump under the skin. It arises from a sebaceous gland, which produces sebum (oil) to lubricate the skin and hair. Although often called sebaceous cysts, many are actually epidermal cysts arising from hair follicles. They are typically painless but can become inflamed, infected, or enlarge enough to cause discomfort.
Symptoms
A small, round bump under the skin, often on the face, neck, or torso.
The bump is usually flesh-colored, white, or yellowish.
A small dark dot (plugged follicle opening) may be visible on the surface of the cyst.
The cyst is usually movable under the skin.
Possible tenderness, redness, or drainage if the cyst becomes inflamed or infected.
Causes
Damage to a sebaceous gland or hair follicle.
Blockage of the duct of a sebaceous gland.
Genetic conditions, such as Gardner's syndrome.
Medicine Used
4. Medicine used
Topical antibiotics: For infected cysts.
Oral antibiotics: For more severe infections.
Steroid injections: To reduce inflammation.
No medication: Many small, asymptomatic cysts do not require treatment.
Is Communicable
No, sebaceous cysts are not contagious.
Precautions
Avoid squeezing or picking at the cyst, as this can lead to infection.
Keep the area clean.
See a doctor if the cyst becomes painful, red, swollen, or starts to drain.
How long does an outbreak last?
A sebaceous cyst itself can persist for weeks, months, or even years if left untreated. If infected, the infection can last for several days to a few weeks with appropriate treatment.
How is it diagnosed?
Physical examination: The doctor will typically diagnose a sebaceous cyst based on its appearance and location.
Biopsy: In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to rule out other conditions, especially if the cyst has unusual characteristics.
Timeline of Symptoms
9. Timeline of symptoms
Initial Stage: A small, often unnoticeable bump appears under the skin. It's usually painless at this stage.
Growth Stage: The cyst gradually enlarges over weeks or months.
Inflammation/Infection Stage (if applicable): The cyst may become red, tender, swollen, and painful. Pus-like drainage may occur.
Important Considerations
Sebaceous cysts are usually benign, but any new or changing skin growths should be evaluated by a doctor.
Complete removal of the cyst wall is important to prevent recurrence.
Home remedies like warm compresses may help reduce inflammation. However, do not attempt to drain or remove the cyst yourself.