Summary about Disease
An umbilical hernia occurs when a portion of the intestine or abdominal tissue protrudes through the umbilical opening (the point where the umbilical cord was attached) in the abdominal muscles. It appears as a bulge near the belly button. Umbilical hernias are common in infants and usually resolve on their own. However, they can also occur in adults.
Symptoms
A soft bulge near the navel (belly button).
The bulge may become more prominent when the infant cries, coughs, or strains.
The bulge may disappear when the infant is relaxed or lying down.
In adults, discomfort or pain in the umbilical area.
Rarely, if the hernia becomes incarcerated (trapped), severe pain, nausea, and vomiting may occur.
Causes
Infants: Incomplete closure of the abdominal muscles around the umbilical cord after birth.
Adults: Increased abdominal pressure due to:
Obesity
Pregnancy
Chronic coughing
Straining during bowel movements
Ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdomen)
Heavy lifting
Medicine Used
There is no medication to treat an umbilical hernia directly. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms if needed, and surgical repair is the definitive treatment option when necessary. Pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen might be used for mild discomfort after surgery.
Is Communicable
No, an umbilical hernia is not communicable or contagious. It's a structural defect and not caused by an infection or pathogen.
Precautions
Infants: No specific precautions are needed as most umbilical hernias resolve on their own. Avoid applying pressure to the hernia.
Adults:
Maintain a healthy weight.
Avoid heavy lifting.
Manage conditions that increase abdominal pressure, such as chronic coughing or constipation.
Follow doctor's instructions post-surgery if repair is done.
How long does an outbreak last?
Umbilical hernias are not outbreaks. They are a physical condition. In infants, the hernia may be present for several months to a few years, often resolving spontaneously by the age of 1-2 years. In adults, the hernia persists unless surgically repaired.
How is it diagnosed?
Physical Examination: A doctor can usually diagnose an umbilical hernia by examining the bulge in the navel area.
Imaging Tests (Rare): In some cases, an ultrasound or CT scan may be used to assess the size and contents of the hernia, especially in adults or if complications are suspected.
Timeline of Symptoms
Infants: The bulge is usually noticed shortly after birth or within the first few weeks of life. It may become more noticeable during crying or straining. It may resolve on its own within months to a few years.
Adults: The bulge may appear gradually over time. Pain or discomfort may increase with activity or straining.
Important Considerations
Most umbilical hernias in infants are small and resolve on their own. Surgery is typically only recommended if the hernia is large, causes symptoms, or does not close by the age of 3-5 years.
In adults, surgical repair is often recommended to prevent complications like incarceration or strangulation (reduced blood supply to the trapped tissue).
If you notice a painful, firm, or discolored bulge near the navel, seek medical attention immediately, as it could indicate an incarcerated or strangulated hernia.