Summary about Disease
Unstable shoulder refers to a condition where the shoulder joint is prone to subluxation (partial dislocation) or dislocation (complete separation of the bones that form the joint). This occurs when the structures that normally stabilize the shoulder joint – ligaments, labrum, and rotator cuff muscles – are damaged or weakened. Recurrent instability can lead to pain, weakness, and functional limitations.
Symptoms
Pain in the shoulder
A feeling of the shoulder "giving way" or being loose
Clicking, popping, or grinding sensation in the shoulder joint
Recurrent shoulder dislocations or subluxations
Numbness or tingling down the arm
Weakness in the shoulder or arm
Limited range of motion
Apprehension or fear of certain movements that might cause instability
Causes
Traumatic Injury: A fall, sports injury, or direct blow to the shoulder can tear ligaments and/or the labrum, leading to instability.
Repetitive Overuse: Overhead activities like throwing or swimming can gradually stretch and weaken the shoulder stabilizers.
Ligament Laxity: Some individuals have naturally looser ligaments, making them more prone to shoulder instability.
Muscle Imbalances: Weakness in the rotator cuff muscles can contribute to instability.
Structural Abnormalities: Certain anatomical variations can predispose individuals to shoulder instability.
Medicine Used
Pain Relievers: Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) can help manage pain.
NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs): Prescription NSAIDs can reduce pain and inflammation.
Muscle Relaxants: May be prescribed to relieve muscle spasms associated with shoulder instability.
Corticosteroid Injections: Can reduce inflammation and pain in the shoulder joint, but are typically not a long-term solution.
Note: This list is not exhaustive, and your doctor will determine the best medication for your specific situation.
Is Communicable
No, unstable shoulder is not a communicable disease. It is not caused by an infectious agent and cannot be transmitted from person to person.
Precautions
Avoid Activities That Provoke Instability: Identify and avoid movements or positions that tend to cause your shoulder to feel unstable.
Strengthen Shoulder Muscles: Follow a physical therapy program to strengthen the rotator cuff and other shoulder muscles.
Use Proper Technique: When participating in sports or activities, use proper technique to minimize stress on the shoulder joint.
Bracing: A shoulder brace may be recommended to provide support and stability during activities.
Avoid Overextension: Be careful not to overextend or hyperextend your arm.
Listen to Your Body: Stop any activity if you experience pain or a feeling of instability in your shoulder.
How long does an outbreak last?
Unstable shoulder is not an "outbreak" situation like an infectious disease. The condition is ongoing. Symptoms can fluctuate depending on activity level and injury. Episodes of subluxation or dislocation can last from a few minutes to several hours, and the chronic underlying instability can persist indefinitely without treatment.
How is it diagnosed?
Physical Examination: A doctor will assess your shoulder's range of motion, stability, and pain. They will perform specific tests to check for signs of instability.
Medical History: The doctor will ask about your past injuries, activities, and symptoms.
Imaging Studies:
X-rays: To rule out fractures or other bone abnormalities.
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): To visualize soft tissues, such as ligaments, labrum, and rotator cuff, to identify tears or other damage.
CT Scan (Computed Tomography): Can be used to assess bone structure in more detail.
Timeline of Symptoms
The timeline of symptoms can vary depending on the cause and severity of the instability.
Acute Injury: Immediately after a dislocation, there will be intense pain, and the shoulder will be visibly out of place. After a subluxation, there might be pain and a feeling of instability.
Subacute Phase (Days to Weeks): Pain may decrease, but weakness and a feeling of looseness may persist. Bruising and swelling might occur.
Chronic Instability: Recurrent episodes of subluxation or dislocation. Persistent pain, weakness, and apprehension. Symptoms may worsen with activity and improve with rest.
Important Considerations
Early Diagnosis and Treatment: Prompt evaluation by a healthcare professional is crucial to prevent further damage and chronic instability.
Physical Therapy: A structured physical therapy program is essential for regaining strength, stability, and range of motion.
Surgery: Surgery may be necessary if conservative treatment fails to provide adequate stability, particularly in cases of significant ligament or labral tears.
Long-Term Management: Even after successful treatment, it's important to continue with exercises and precautions to prevent recurrence.
Consult with a Specialist: Consider seeking consultation with an orthopedic surgeon or sports medicine physician who specializes in shoulder disorders.