Summary about Disease
Viral laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx (voice box) caused by a viral infection. This inflammation affects the vocal cords, leading to hoarseness or loss of voice. It is a common and usually self-limiting condition.
Symptoms
Hoarseness or weak voice
Loss of voice
Sore throat
Dry cough
Tickling sensation in the throat
Difficulty swallowing
Mild fever
Runny nose
Fatigue
Causes
Viral laryngitis is primarily caused by viruses that also cause the common cold or flu. Common culprits include:
Rhinovirus
Adenovirus
Influenza virus
Parainfluenza virus
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Medicine Used
Treatment for viral laryngitis is primarily focused on relieving symptoms, as antibiotics are ineffective against viruses. Common treatments include:
Pain relievers: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) or acetaminophen (Tylenol) can help reduce throat pain and fever.
Throat lozenges: Soothing lozenges can help relieve throat irritation.
Cough suppressants: If coughing is severe, a cough suppressant may be used.
Decongestants: Can help if a runny nose is present.
Voice Rest: Avoiding excessive talking or shouting is crucial for healing.
Humidifier: Using a humidifier can help moisten the air and soothe the throat.
Is Communicable
Yes, viral laryngitis is highly communicable. The viruses that cause it can spread through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. It can also spread by touching contaminated surfaces and then touching your face.
Precautions
Wash hands frequently: Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after coughing, sneezing, or being in public places.
Avoid touching your face: Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth to prevent the spread of germs.
Cover your mouth and nose: Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing, then dispose of the tissue properly. If a tissue is not available, cough or sneeze into your elbow.
Avoid close contact with sick people: If possible, avoid close contact with individuals who have respiratory infections.
Stay home if you are sick: If you have symptoms of viral laryngitis, stay home from work or school to prevent spreading the infection.
Disinfect surfaces: Regularly disinfect frequently touched surfaces, such as doorknobs, light switches, and countertops.
How long does an outbreak last?
Viral laryngitis typically lasts for one to two weeks. Symptoms usually peak within the first few days and then gradually improve. In some cases, a cough may linger for a few weeks after other symptoms have subsided.
How is it diagnosed?
Viral laryngitis is usually diagnosed based on a physical examination and a review of symptoms. The doctor will listen to your breathing and examine your throat. In most cases, no further testing is required. However, if symptoms are severe or prolonged, or if the doctor suspects another condition, they may perform:
Laryngoscopy: Visual examination of the larynx using a scope.
Throat culture: To rule out bacterial infections like strep throat.
Timeline of Symptoms
The timeline of symptoms can vary, but generally follows this pattern:
Day 1-3: Initial symptoms such as sore throat, runny nose, and mild hoarseness appear.
Day 3-5: Hoarseness worsens, and cough may develop. Fever and fatigue may be present.
Day 5-7: Symptoms may peak, with significant hoarseness or loss of voice.
Day 7-14: Symptoms gradually improve. Hoarseness and cough may persist for a few weeks.
Important Considerations
Hydration: Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated and keep your throat moist.
Voice Rest: Avoid excessive talking, singing, or shouting, as this can further irritate the vocal cords.
Avoid Irritants: Avoid smoking, alcohol, and exposure to irritants such as fumes or dust.
Seek Medical Attention: If you experience difficulty breathing, high fever, or severe pain, seek medical attention immediately. If symptoms do not improve after two weeks, consult a doctor.
Differential Diagnosis: Laryngitis can also be caused by bacterial infections, allergies, or vocal cord strain. It's important to rule out other causes, especially if symptoms are persistent or unusual.