Summary about Disease
Zantedeschia aethiopica, commonly known as calla lily, contains calcium oxalate crystals. These crystals are present in all parts of the plant. Ingestion or contact with the plant can cause irritation and discomfort. While generally not life-threatening, poisoning can lead to a range of symptoms.
Symptoms
Symptoms of calla lily poisoning primarily include oral irritation, burning sensation in the mouth and throat, difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), excessive drooling (ptyalism), and vomiting. Skin contact can result in dermatitis with redness, itching, and blistering. Eye contact can cause conjunctivitis and pain.
Causes
The primary cause of Zantedeschia aethiopica poisoning is ingestion or contact with the plant's sap, which contains insoluble calcium oxalate crystals. These needle-shaped crystals penetrate the soft tissues of the mouth, throat, and skin, causing irritation and inflammatory reactions.
Medicine Used
Treatment is primarily supportive. Antihistamines may be used to reduce allergic reactions. Analgesics can help alleviate pain. In severe cases, corticosteroids might be considered to reduce inflammation, but use is rare. Topical treatments like emollients can soothe skin irritation.
Is Communicable
Zantedeschia aethiopica poisoning is not communicable. It cannot be spread from person to person. It only occurs through direct contact with or ingestion of the plant.
Precautions
Keep Zantedeschia aethiopica plants out of reach of children and pets. Wear gloves when handling the plant, especially if you have sensitive skin. Wash hands thoroughly after handling the plant. Educate children about the potential dangers of the plant.
How long does an outbreak last?
An "outbreak" is not relevant in this context because it is not communicable. Symptoms generally resolve within a few hours to a few days after exposure is stopped and supportive care is given. The duration depends on the amount of exposure and the individual's sensitivity.
How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis is typically based on a history of exposure to Zantedeschia aethiopica and the presence of characteristic symptoms (oral irritation, drooling, etc.). No specific diagnostic test exists.
Timeline of Symptoms
Symptoms usually appear rapidly after exposure (within minutes to hours). Oral irritation and burning sensations are often the first to be noticed. Other symptoms like drooling, difficulty swallowing, and skin rash may develop shortly after. Symptoms typically peak within a few hours and then gradually subside with supportive care.
Important Considerations
While generally not life-threatening, calla lily poisoning can be quite uncomfortable, especially for small children or pets. Ensure proper plant identification to avoid confusion with more toxic plants. If severe symptoms develop, seek medical advice.