Summary about Disease
Zoysia dermatitis is a skin irritation caused by contact with zoysia grass. The grass's stiff, sharp blades can cause mechanical irritation, leading to redness, itching, and a rash. While not a true allergic reaction in most cases, the physical characteristics of the grass are the primary cause of the skin problem.
Symptoms
Symptoms of zoysia dermatitis include:
Redness of the skin
Itching
Small bumps or papules
A rash, often linear in appearance (following contact with the grass blades)
Dry, cracked skin in severe cases due to scratching
Causes
The primary cause is direct skin contact with zoysia grass. The grass's coarse texture and stiff blades act as a mechanical irritant, abrading the skin and causing inflammation. Some individuals may have a greater sensitivity or thinner skin, making them more susceptible.
Medicine Used
Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms. Common medications include:
Topical corticosteroids: To reduce inflammation and itching (e.g., hydrocortisone cream). Use as directed by a doctor.
Antihistamines: To relieve itching (e.g., diphenhydramine (Benadryl), cetirizine (Zyrtec), loratadine (Claritin)).
Emollients/Moisturizers: To hydrate the skin and repair the skin barrier.
Is Communicable
No, zoysia dermatitis is not communicable. It is a reaction to direct contact with the grass and cannot be spread from person to person.
Precautions
Wear protective clothing: Long pants, long sleeves, and gloves when working in or around zoysia grass.
Wash exposed skin: Immediately after contact with the grass.
Use barrier creams: Apply a protective barrier cream to exposed skin before contact, especially if you know you are sensitive.
Avoid contact: If possible, minimize direct skin contact with zoysia grass.
Maintain healthy skin: Keep skin moisturized to reduce its susceptibility to irritation.
How long does an outbreak last?
The duration of a zoysia dermatitis outbreak depends on the severity of the reaction and how quickly treatment is initiated. With proper care and avoidance of further contact, symptoms usually resolve within a few days to a week. Persistent or severe cases may last longer and require medical attention.
How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis is typically based on:
Physical Examination: A doctor will examine the skin rash and ask about recent exposure to zoysia grass.
Patient History: Information about activities, location, and the onset of symptoms is collected.
Timeline of Symptoms
Immediately after contact: Redness and slight irritation may appear.
Within a few hours: Itching and the development of a rash typically occur.
Over the next 1-2 days: Symptoms may intensify, with more pronounced redness, itching, and the possible formation of small bumps.
With treatment and avoidance: Symptoms should begin to subside within a few days to a week.
Without treatment: Symptoms can persist and potentially worsen due to continued irritation and scratching.
Important Considerations
Rule out other causes: It's important to consider other potential causes of skin irritation, such as allergic reactions to other plants or insects.
Secondary infection: Scratching can lead to secondary bacterial infections, which require antibiotic treatment.
Chronic irritation: Repeated exposure can lead to chronic skin irritation and thickening.
Professional Advice: If symptoms are severe, persistent, or show signs of infection, seek medical attention.